or output of a knowledge production function. We suggest that the productivity of research in patent production functions … to patentable knowledge, and development happens after the initial research phase that may have led to a patent. Instead … of using data on R&D, we separate the knowledge creating process into 'R' and 'D'. This data stems from R&D surveys of …

language knowledge of low-educated migrants causes these results, as immigrants for whom themother tongue is similar to the …

The creation of spinoff companies is often promoted as a desirable mechanism for transferring knowledge and …

This paper integrates innovation input and output effects of R&D subsidies into a modified Crépon–Duguet–Mairesse (CDM …

This paper discusses the incentives for innovation when liability is limited or not. Clearly innovative activity …

impact of public technology policies on innovation of firms located in Eastern Germany. The main question is whether public … funding stimulates innovation activities or whether crowding-out effects between public and private means occur. A non … companies would have invested remarkably less if they had not participated in public innovation policy schemes. …

This study analyzes the effects of public R&D policy schemes on the innovation activities of firms located in Eastern … innovation activities by about four percentage points. …