-in-differences design to causally identify the short-run impact of COVID-19 on innovation spending in 2020 and expected innovation spending … substantially reduced innovation expenditure not only in the first year of the pandemic (2020) but also in the two subsequent years …, indicating ’Long–Covid’ effects on innovation. In 2020, innovation expenditure fell by 4.7 % due to the pandemic. In 2022 …

Skills shortage has become a key policy issue in highly developed and innovation-oriented economies, with non …-negligible consequences on firms' innovation activities. We investigate the effect of skills shortage on firms' innovation openness, which is … considered to be one of the key drivers of innovation performance. We hypothesize that scarcity of personnel causes firms to …

impact of public technology policies on innovation of firms located in Eastern Germany. The main question is whether public … funding stimulates innovation activities or whether crowding-out effects between public and private means occur. A … companies would have invested remarkably less if they had not participated in public innovation policy schemes. …

prone to increase employment, while firms that want to slash costs by innovation and compete by soft factors de …

This study analyzes the effects of public R&D policy schemes on the innovation activities of firms located in Eastern … their innovation activities by about four percentage points. …

innovative activities of German service firms. We investigate whether firms that receive public subsidies for innovation projects … innovative activities. The more grants a firm has received in the past, the more it invests in current innovation projects …