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The knowledge production of "R and "D"
Czarnitzki, Dirk; Kraft, Kornelius; Thorwarth, Susanne - In: Economics letters 105 (2009) 1, pp. 141-143
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003899412
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The knowledge production of 'R' and 'D'
Czarnitzki, Dirk (contributor); Kraft, Kornelius (contributor) - 2008
or output of a knowledge production function. We suggest that the productivity of research in patent production functions … to patentable knowledge, and development happens after the initial research phase that may have led to a patent. Instead … of using data on R&D, we separate the knowledge creating process into 'R' and 'D'. This data stems from R&D surveys of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10003728577
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The Knowledge Production of 'R' and 'D'
Czarnitzki, Dirk; Kraft, Kornelius; Thorwarth, Suzanne - 2013
or output of a knowledge production function. We suggest that the productivity of research in patent production functions … to patentable knowledge, and development happens after the initial research phase that may have led to a patent. Instead … of using data on R&D, we separate the knowledge creating process into 'R' and 'D'. This data stems from R&D surveys of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014215973
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The Output Gap between Canada and the United States : The Role of Productivity (1994-2002)
Baldwin, John R.; Wong, Fanny; Maynard, Jean-Pierre - 2009
Comparisons of Canada’s economy to that of the United States are done for several purposes. On the one hand, analysts are interested in whether there is an output gap between the two countries — whether Canada is as well off as the United States in terms of the quantities of goods and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014206730
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The Impact of Self-Employment on Labour-Productivity Growth : A Canada and United States Comparison
Baldwin, John R. - 2009
This paper examines the influence of the self-employed on the growth in labour productivity in the business sector. There has been a dramatic expansion of self-employment in the Canadian economy over the 1987 to 1998 period. In addition, a comparison is made of Canadian and United States...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012718013
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A Comparison of Canadian and U.S. Productivity Levels : An Exploration of Measurement Issues
Baldwin, John R. - 2009
This paper examines the level of labour productivity in Canada relative to that of the United States in 1999. In doing so, it addresses two main issues. The first is the comparability of the measures of GDP and labour inputs that the statistical agency in each country produces. Second, it...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012718105
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Investment in Intangible Assets in Canada : R&D, Innovation, Brand, and Mining, Oil and Gas Exploration Expenditures
Baldwin, John R. - 2015
This paper presents estimates of intangible investment in Canada for the purpose of innovation, advertising and … contributes to the existing literature by creating intangible investment estimates (science and engineering knowledge, advertising …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013039217
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Labour Productivity of Unincorporated Sole Proprietorships and Partnerships : Impact on the Canada-United States Productivity Gap
Baldwin, John R. - 2011
This paper asks how the performance of self-employed unincorporated businesses affects the size of the gap in labour productivity between Canada and the United States. To do so, the business sector in each country is divided into unincorporated and corporate businesses, and estimates of labour...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013121016
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The Productivity Differential between the Canadian and U.S. Manufacturing Sectors : A Perspective Drawn from the Early 20th Century
Baldwin, John R. - 2009
Many historical comparisons of international productivity use measures of labour productivity (output per worker). Differences in labour productivity can be caused by differences in technical efficiency or differences in capital intensity. Moving to measures of total factor productivity allows...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013153787
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Relative Multifactor Productivity Levels in Canada and the United States : A Sectoral Analysis
Baldwin, John R. - 2009
This paper has three main objectives. First, it examines the level of multifactor productivity (MFP) in Canada relative to that of the United States for the 1994-to-2003 period. Second, it examines the relative importance of differences in capital intensity and MFP in accounting for the labour...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013154079