can offer a broad analysis of product innovation dynamics in Europe which should be the basis for not only better supply … communication in relation to product innovation dynamics. Moreover, the approach provides new important arguments in favor of the … TTIP negotiations between the US and the EU and it suggests a broader analytical link between trade, FDI, innovation …

-in-differences design to causally identify the short-run impact of COVID-19 on innovation spending in 2020 and expected innovation spending … substantially reduced innovation expenditure not only in the first year of the pandemic (2020) but also in the two subsequent years …, indicating ’Long–Covid’ effects on innovation. In 2020, innovation expenditure fell by 4.7 % due to the pandemic. In 2022 …

to investigate possible crowdingout effects on the input side of the innovation process. Different specifications of R …