-standing pattern that university participation rates are highest among youths from high-income families and of highly educated parents … parents' level of education than with their income. The paper discusses significant data gaps and concludes that these data … background, namely parental income and parental education changed between 1993 and 2001. The results support a long …

situation familiale, soit le revenu des parents et le niveau de scolarite des parents, a evolue entre 1993 et 2001. Les … plus eleves chez les jeunes de familles a revenu eleve et dont les parents sont tres instruits. Rien n'indique que ce lien … la fois du niveau de scolarite des parents et du revenu des parents, nous constatons que les taux de participation aux …

may play substantively different roles. The findings suggest that university-going is less common among lower-income … students and members of a visible minority group in the U.S. than among their Canadian counterparts. Some possible reasons are …

have longer spell lengths than those in higher income families and, among these low-income families, lone-parents and … couples with children generally spend more time living in low-income neighbourhoods than childless couples and unattached … residing in low-income neighbourhoods (residential 'spells'). Although the length of new spells is generally substantial (at …

Discussions of pension adequacy for elderly Canadians have used the rate at which income falls with age; the income … replacement rate or the ratio of post-retirement income to pre-retirement income. Use of income streams to assess post … example, work-related expenses) can be expected to fall after retirement, a declining income stream does not necessarily …