. The underlying causal mechanisms for such effects remain unsettled. We consider a model in which parents impose more … stringent disciplinary environments in response to their earlier-born children's poor performance in school in order to deter … such outcomes for their later-born offspring. We provide robust empirical evidence that school performance of children in …

change in household income on the young adult outcomes of the household´s children. In this research, we examine the role … mechanisms through which this exogenous increase in household income affects the long run outcomes of children - parental time …, education levels and income. Previous research has relied on the use of instrumental variables to identify the effect of a …

This paper formulates and estimates multistage production functions for children's cognitive and noncognitive skills … investment in children compared to later remediation. We establish nonparametric identification of a general class of production … targeting of interventions to children with different parental and personal birth endowments. Substitutability decreases in …

Do parents invest more or less in their high ability children? We provide new evidence on this question by comparing … determinant of cognitive ability. We find that parents invest more in high ability children, with a one standard deviation …

detailed work and fertility histories from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics to estimate the effect of parents' job … explore the extent to which the health effects of job displacement extend to the children of displaced workers and also the … first to consider whether there are any harmful effects for children who are not yet born when the separation occurs. I use …

Societies socialize children about many things, including sex. Socialization is costly. It uses scarce resources, such … as time and effort. Parents weigh the marginal gains from socialization against its costs. Those at the lower end of the …, leading to a de-stigmatization of sex. As contraception has become more effective there is less need for parents, churches and …

treatment and relation with parents, do not predict within-twin pair differences in schooling, lending additional credibility to …

after the introduction of sulfa experienced increases in schooling, income, and the probability of employment, and …

measurement error. In this paper, we use an instrumental variables strategy to estimate the causal effect of income on children …Past estimates of the effect of family income on child development have often been plagued by endogeneity and …'s math and reading achievement. Our identification derives from the large, non-linear changes in the Earned Income Tax Credit …