The literature that tests for U-shaped relationships using panel data, such as those between pollution and income or … subjective choices due to a lack of identification. We apply our methodology to the pollution-income relationship of both CO2 …- and SO2-emissions. Interestingly, our approach yields estimates of both income (scale) and time (composition and …

In this paper the relation between religion and income is investigated using a micro-dataset for the Netherlands …. Religiosity is measured by religious membership and by participation. Instead of estimating separately a religion and an income … approach, both religious measures are found to decrease significantly income and income is found to affect negatively religion …

We develop a polygenic index for individual income and examine random differences in this index with lifetime outcomes … in a sample of ~35,000 biological siblings. We find that genetic fortune for higher income causes greater socio … education, income, and health are partly due the outcomes of a genetic lottery. However, the consequences of different genetic …

Two family-specific lotteries take place during conception— a social lottery that determines who our parents are and … which environment we grow up in, and a genetic lottery that determines which part of their genomes our parents pass on to us … socioeconomic status. Here, we estimate a lower bound for the relevance of these two lotteries for differences in education, income …