The literature that tests for U-shaped relationships using panel data, such as those between pollution and income or … subjective choices due to a lack of identification. We apply our methodology to the pollution-income relationship of both CO2 …- and SO2-emissions. Interestingly, our approach yields estimates of both income (scale) and time (composition and …

In this paper the relation between religion and income is investigated using a micro-dataset for the Netherlands …. Religiosity is measured by religious membership and by participation. Instead of estimating separately a religion and an income … approach, both religious measures are found to decrease significantly income and income is found to affect negatively religion …