Abstract: Since unemployment rates began to rise in the mid-1970s, reducing unemployment has become a central political challenge in Germany and other European countries. Despite the current improvement of the labor market situation and decreasing rates in Germany, unemployment is still one of...

Previous studies found that Islamic stock market index in Malaysia (KLSI), does not react, or react negatively to interest rate, although one of the main criteria of Islamic finance is to avoid business and activities that yield interest because of its prohibition in Islamic laws. On the other...