In recent years, a lot of rules concerning government expenditures as well as tax revenues were changed in Germany. Government expenditures in relation to GDP were reduced, income tax rates were lowered and the budget deficit declined. The structure of government expenditures changed in favor of...

In recent years, a lot of rules concerning government expenditures as well as tax revenues were changed in Germany. Government expenditures in relation to GDP were reduced, income tax rates were lowered and the budget deficit declined. The structure of government expenditures changed in favor of...

In many countries, fiscal policy became strongly expansionary in order to fight the recession. Structural budget deficits increased sharply and might remain high after the end of the recession. This would raise real interest rates and would impair economic growth. Some measures to reduce the...

Die Sozialpolitik im Transformationsprozeß Mittel- und Osteuropas bedarf dringend der Korrektur. Die bisherige Politik hat häufig dazu geführt, daß die ohnehin knappen Ressourcen zwischen den einzelnen Teilgebieten der sozialen Sicherung unangemessen verteilt wurden. Sie hat massive...

This paper describes the practical implementation of hiring vouchers in Germany (Kiel Working Paper 1302 "Comparing the Effectiveness of Employment Subsidies" by Alessio Brown, Christian Merkl and Dennis Snower). According to our proposal employers receive vouchers for hiring longterm...

Der Anspruch war hoch: Nach dem Prinzip des "Förderns und Forderns" sollten die Hartz-Gesetze (1. bis 4. Gesetz für moderne Dienstleistungen am Arbeitsmarkt) den entscheidenden Beitrag zum Abbau der auf nie gekannte Höhen gestiegenen Arbeitslosigkeit in Deutschland leisten. Anfang 2005 wurden...