This study attempts to investigate a supply function for electricity in Portugal through cointegration and causality analysis over the sample period of 1970 to 2008 to test hypotheses related to the electricity-economic growth nexus in the literature. Evidence is found in favour of cointegration...

This study is aimed to examine the causal relationship between economic growth, energy consumption and emissions in Bahrain. As required by the Kyoto Protocol where Bahrain has ratified in 2006, it is to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study uses Toda and Yamamoto’s (1995) approach...

This study runs a cointegration analysis on annual data from 1980 to 2007 to investigate the relationship between primary energy consumption, economic growth and net inflows of foreign direct investment with the Engle and Granger method, Stock-Watson dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), the...

This paper analyzes the use of quantitative information in shaping and communicating the Italian central government's e-government policy (as of January, 2006).

This paper analyzes the political determinants of the distribution of infrastructure expenditures by the Italian government to the country’s 92 provinces between 1953 and 1994. Extending implications of theories of legislative behavior to the context of open-list proportional representation,...

We study incumbency advantage and the electoral returns to pork and patronage over ten legislative periods from 1948 to 1992 for two political parties — the Christian Democrats (DC) and the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) — in Italy’s lower house of representatives, the Chamber of Deputies....

This paper investigates major determinants of CO2 emissions in a small open economy such as Italy over the period 1960-2012 using Granger causality and cointegration methods to ascertain short-run and long-run relationships between emissions, trade openness and energy consumption. The research...

This paper investigates the relationship among energy, emissions and economic growth in Malaysia with the presence of trade activities. We employ Johansen’s (1995) approach to investigate the relationship. Using annual data from 1971 to 2007, the empirical results shows that there are long-run...