scores, and sizable effects on college attendance and enrollment at more selective institutions, in particular for low-income … children. Our findings suggest that parental time investments are neutral to early skills gaps, while monetary investments are …

more income elastic than public goods, as we document in the paper, an increase in income endogenously leads to smaller … number of children. -- Household size ; living arrangements ; roommates ; economies of scale ; household public goods …

Do parents alter their investment in their child's human capital in response to changes in school inputs? If they do … children's education. The use of out-of-school suspensions is the novelty of this paper. Out-of-school suspensions are chosen … by the teacher or the principal of the school and not by parents, but they are a consequence of student misbehavior. To …