Existing research has found an inverse relationship between urban density and the degree of income inequality within … metropolitan areas, suggesting that, as cities spread out, they become increasingly segregated by income. This paper examines this …. The findings indicate that income inequality - defined by the variance of the log household income distribution - does …

We reassess the convergence properties of the cross-country distribution of income and its determinants using the …

We estimate annual income elasticities of demand for lottery tickets using roughly twenty years of county-level data … for three states. We find that the income elasticity of demand (and thus the tax burden) for lottery tickets has changed … income. Trends in the income elasticity of demand for instant and online lottery games appear to be different. Our results …

Previous studies have examined the effect of income on lottery ticket expenditures using an aggregate measure of income …, usually personal income. Reasons exist, however, for believing that lottery expenditures do not respond equally to all sources … of income. This paper examines the propensity to purchase lottery tickets from separate types of income, namely income …

This paper offers a descriptive empirical analysis of the geographic pattern of income inequality within a sample of …-level household income into two parts: one associated with the degree of variation among household incomes within neighborhoods … neighborhoods. Consistent with previous work, the results reveal that the vast majority of a city’s overall income inequality - at …

This article discusses the trade-offs associated with study designs that involve random assignment of students within …

placement test. Students who passed the test (with a score very near the cut-off for eligibility) and enrolled in a rigorous … college degree than similar students who did not take the class. …

accountability systems, affects the value-added estimates of teachers of students with hard-to-predict achievement levels, such as … students who have low prior achievement and receive free lunch. Teachers of these students tend to have less precise value …-added estimates than teachers of other types of students. Shrinkage increases their estimates’ precision and reduces the absolute …