Using Eurobarometer data, we document large variation across European countries in education gradients in income, self … why the effect of education on income, health and health behaviors varies is not well understood. We build on previous …, compared to those graduating in good times. We investigate whether more educated individuals suffer smaller income and health …

We examine the effects of malaria on educational attainment and income by exploiting geographic variation in malaria … income for prime age men. This finding is robust to using very localized sources of geographic variation and to instrumenting … for pre-eradication prevalence with climate factors. We do not observe improvements in income for women, suggesting that …