effects on school grades, but these negative effects are largely confined to children born extremely preterm (<28 weeks of … gestation, i.e. born at least 10 weeks earlier). Children born moderately preterm (i.e. born up to 5 weeks early) suffer no ill … school environment is very important for the outcomes of preterm born children, such that those born extremely preterm that …

track students. However, there are concerns that the most frequently used college placement exams lack validity and … reliability, and unnecessarily place students from under-represented groups into remedial courses. While recent research has shown … that tracking can have positive effects on student learning, inaccurate placement has consequences: students face …