leaving (at age 16) may be due to variations in permanent income, parental education levels, and shocks to income at this age … effects on sons than daughters. We find that the education effects remain significant even when household income is included …. Moreover, decomposing the income when the child is 16 between a permanent component and shocks to income at age 16, only the …

This paper estimates the marginal effect of class size on educational attainment of high school students. We control …

Objective: To estimate the causal effect of breastfeeding on children's cognitive skills as measured at ages 3, 5, 7 …). Participants: Data on 11,792 (age 3) and 9117 (age 5) children in MCS and 4923 (age 7 and 11) children in NCDS. Main outcome …: The duration of breastfeeding has a small, but significant, effect on children's cognitive skills in the linear regression …

substantial and heterogeneous employment responses that increased average income despite reduced transfers. We find zero effects …