We develop a multi-agent model of the education production function where investments of students, parents, and … survey data and a mandate to randomly assign students to classrooms. Consistent with our model, we show that exposure to …

addressing unobserved residence-country features, we find similar results when assigning migrant students their country …

a regression discontinuity design, we document how a third grade retention policy affects both the target children and … their younger siblings. The policy improves test scores of both children while the spillover is up to 30% of the target … child effect size. The effects are particularly pronounced in families where one of the children is disabled, for boys, and …

. The results show that substituting lacking family support by other adults can help disadvantaged children at adolescent …

. France and Flemish Belgium achieve the most equitable performance for students from different family backgrounds, and Britain …

Even though some countries track students into differing-ability schools by age 10, others keep their entire secondary …