important role. When controlling for attitudes, however, the relative income position remains significant in affecting the … probability of union membership. We also show that there are no significant trends in the relationship between relative income …

Intergenerational mobility in income and education is affected by the influence of parents on children's school choices …. Our focus is on the role played by different school systems in reducing or magnifying the impact of parents on children … on children choices. Using data from a cross-country survey (PISA 2003), we study the impact of parental education on …

students, this paper presents a simple model showing that free riding incentives lead to an insufficient degree of cooperation … competitive behaviour is negatively evaluated by schoolmates, especially when the class is more homogeneous in terms of students … International Student Assessment (PISA) survey on students' literacy levels. A competitive learning approach has a positive …