parents do not have university degrees) fare on the labor market. We find that among graduate women, FiF graduates earn 8 ….3% less on average than graduate women whose parents have a university degree. For men, we find no such difference. A … higher among FiF women compared to women who match their parents with a degree, the negative effects of coming from a lower …

, and non-graduates. Our findings reveal that while on average, graduate women have fewer children than non-graduates, this … difference is driven by FiF graduates. FiF women tend to have fewer children than both non-FiF graduates and non-graduates, who … children. Similar patterns are observed among men, although the gaps are smaller and not statistically significant. We identify …

likely to study other Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities than students whose parents are university graduates. We also find … individuals who are "first in family" (FiF), those who achieve a university degree, but whose (step) parents did not. We provide … evidence that FiF students are less likely to graduate from elite universities and have a higher probability of dropping out …

women. We also find that parents are more likely to overestimate boys' and underestimate girls' mathematics abilities …