regarding income and goods vary with age. The subjective well-being approach is mainly based on German panel data for the period … experience no or a low degree of positional concerns, yet the level of concerns for income increases gradually and significantly … with age. The results also differ across goods: while car consumption is similar to income, the positional concern for …

relative concerns with respect to income and remittances. Our results show that although rural households experience … substantial utility loss due to income comparisons, they gain utility by comparing their remittances with those received by their … reference group. In other words, we find evidence of a "status-effect" with respect to income and of a "signal-effect" with …

experiment. On average, we found positional concerns neither in income per se nor in income from aid projects among the farmers …. These results support the claim that positional concerns are positively correlated with absolute level of income of a … country. -- Ethiopia ; positional concern ; relative income …