secondary education to selective academic programs that open doors to skilled, well-paid professions. This gives parents a … strong incentive to invest substantial resources in improving their children's' achievement on these tests, thus reinforcing … students in Hebrew-language schools from eighth grade to age 29, we provide evidence that despite Israeli schools being …

-Saharan Africa). This suggests a dominant role for the parents in determining educational opportunities of children. Evidence on the …

attainment, the relaxation of budget constraints, and increased social contact for children whose parents are less advantaged in …

This study examines the impacts of caregiving by grandparents on children's academic performance in China, using data …

explain the underinvestment of parents in their children's human capital. We first incorporate these two potential mechanisms …

adolescents, favoring earlier-born children within household in academic achievement and cognitive skill measures. We highlight … harsh parenting as a novel channel of birth order effects, in which earlier-born children are less likely to be physically … punished by their parents. Focusing on son preference as a potential mechanism generating birth order effects, our tests show …

Many children worldwide are left behind by parents who are migrating for work. While previous literature has studied … the effect of parental migration on children's educational outcomes and cognitive achievements, this study focuses on how … parental migration affects children's non-cognitive development. We use longitudinal data of children in rural China and adopt …