school and household inputs, and test its predictions in two very different low-income country settings - Zambia and India …

mapped into the observed 1-5 integer scores, for over 4.5 million students. Earning higher AP integer scores positively … that receiving a score of 3 over a 2 on junior year AP exams causes students to take between 0.06 and 0.14 more AP exams …

provided students with a voucher to finance attending a private school of their choice. The study design featured a unique two …, suggesting that the large cross-sectional test-score differences between public and private school students on these subjects … substantially lower costs per student. Finally, we find no evidence of spillovers on public-school students who do not apply for the …

years, students in schools with an extra contract teacher performed significantly better than those in comparison schools by …

significantly improved teacher satisfaction with their income, reduced the incidence of teachers holding outside jobs, and reduced … those of a model where effort on pro-social tasks is a normal good with a positive income elasticity, we find that large …

learning outcomes. Our setting is middle-school grades in urban India, where a lottery provided winning students with a voucher … students, but the relative gain was much greater for academically-weaker students because their rate of learning in the control …