Uniform use in public schools is rising, but we know little about how they affect students. Using a unique dataset from …

) students in a particular elementary grade and language is twenty or higher. Using school panel data, we find a significant … significantly impact the standardized test scores of students with Spanish as their home language (comprised primarily of ever …-LEP students). However, there are significant positive spillover effects to their non-LEP peers …

Using data from a group incentive program that provides cash bonuses to teachers whose students perform well on … of students within a grade, school and subject, providing substantial variation in group size. We use the share of … students in a grade-subject enrolled in a teacher's classes as a proxy for incentive strength since, as the teacher share …

combination of state summative and higher frequency benchmark assessments for middle school students in Michigan. Comparing pre … disadvantaged students, as well as students in districts that were at least partially remote in 2021-22. Benchmark assessment …

The success of many students with disabilities (SWDs) depends on access to high-quality general education teachers. Yet … students with and without disabilities. We create two VAM measures: one focusing on teachers' effectiveness in improving … identifying which teachers have a history of effectiveness with SWDs and could play a role in ensuring that students are being …

economically disadvantaged students saw larger decreases in classifications. While rates returned to trend in 2021-22, there was … little "catch up" beyond that to make up for these delays, suggesting that as of that year many students had not yet gained …