children born to less educated and minority mothers are more likely to be exposed to pollution in utero and that white, college …

start age created by children's date of birth provides a natural experiment for estimation of the effect of age at school … can be derived for one cohort of students, to the 1980 Census, which contains educational attainment for the same cohort … of students. The results suggest that roughly 10 percent of students were constrained to stay in school by compulsory …

tried to integrate schools. Today, district-wide choice allows Boston and New York students to enroll far from home, perhaps …

rapidly among black students than among whites, at least in part because black Head Start" children are more likely to …Recent research on Head Start, an enriched preschool program for poor children that effects on test scores fade out …' more quickly for black children than for white children. This" paper uses data from the 1988 wave of the National …

The effect of class size on student achievement has long been of concern to educators, parents, and scholars. In … gains from small classes are largest for students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Besides being of metho- dological interest …

rule that uses data on students' birthdays to compute statutory enrollment in the absence of enrollment manipulation also …

difference-in-differences strategy to account for unobserved differences between students with access to SBP and those without … findings. First, the SBP helps students build good eating habits: SBP increases scores on the healthy eating index, reduces the … serum micronutrient deficiencies in vitamin C, vitamin E, and folate, and it increases the probability that children meet …