-based admissions practices and the effect such preferences have on the quality of schools in which minority students enroll, graduation … argue these bans are very informative about how affirmative action affects URM students. Finally, we discuss the evidence on …

-prepared students while other institutions are better at graduating less-prepared students and that these matching effects are … of minority students, explaining 18% of the graduation rate increase in our preferred specification. Further …, universities appear to have responded to Prop 209 by investing more in their students, explaining between 23-64% of the graduation …

We argue that once we take into account the students' rational enrollment decisions, mismatch in the sense that the … possess private information about students' post-enrollment treatment effects. This necessary condition for mismatch provides … private information that is a statistically significant predictor of the students' post-enrollment academic performance. We …

The choice of a college major plays a critical role in determining the future earnings of college graduates. Students … survey students about what their expected earnings would be both in the major they have chosen and in counterfactual majors …. We also elicit students' subjective assessments of their abilities in chosen and counterfactual majors. We estimate a …