one or more cohorts of students take three or more tests in the subject of interest (e.g., state assessments in three …

attainment between parents and children, we document lower average mobility rates for blacks than whites, but wide variation … quality of local schools, with bigger effects for the children of less-educated parents. We then narrow our focus to black …We use 1940 Census data to study the intergenerational transmission of human capital for children born in the 1920s and …

teachers resulted in average improved achievement for students in the poorest decile of schools of .03 standard deviations …

, while less effective transfers stay in lower-performing schools, likely exacerbating the differences across students in the …

This paper reviews and interprets the literature on the effect of school resources on students' eventual earnings and … black and white students in North and South Carolina that existed in the first half of the 20th century, and the subsequent …

affirm that marginal returns to education among children of less-educated parents are as high and perhaps much higher than … education and earnings than other men. The education and earnings gains are concentrated among men with poorly-educated parents …

school and neighborhood segregation on the relative SAT scores of black students across different metropolitan areas, using … composition, income, and region. We find robust evidence that the black-white test score gap is higher in more segregated cities …

with between-cohort comparisons of students at schools with small numbers of gifted children per cohort, to evaluate the …. Since most schools have only a handful of gifted students per cohort, the majority of seats are filled by high achievers …-gifted participants, concentrated among black and Hispanic students, who gain 0.5 standard deviation units in fourth grade reading and …