children born to less educated and minority mothers are more likely to be exposed to pollution in utero and that white, college …

scores for eight birth cohorts of Rhode Island children born between 1997 and 2005. Using these data, we show that reductions … of lead from even historically low levels have significant positive effects on children's reading test scores in third ….1 percentage points (on a baseline of 12 percent). Moreover, as we show, poor and minority children are more likely to be exposed …

tried to integrate schools. Today, district-wide choice allows Boston and New York students to enroll far from home, perhaps …

rapidly among black students than among whites, at least in part because black Head Start" children are more likely to …Recent research on Head Start, an enriched preschool program for poor children that effects on test scores fade out …' more quickly for black children than for white children. This" paper uses data from the 1988 wave of the National …

difference-in-differences strategy to account for unobserved differences between students with access to SBP and those without … findings. First, the SBP helps students build good eating habits: SBP increases scores on the healthy eating index, reduces the … serum micronutrient deficiencies in vitamin C, vitamin E, and folate, and it increases the probability that children meet …

Cash transfers to families with children are increasingly being restricted to parents who work, while families of non …-working parents are receiving a progressively larger share of their benefits in kind. This paper provides an evaluation of the … empirical evidence regarding the effects of in-kind and cash transfer program on the children who are their intended …

largest for first born children. We also find that women on WIC are more likely to be diagnosed with chronic conditions, and …