adoptive parents. We argue that the impact from biological parents captures broad pre-birth factors, including genes and … prenatal environment, and the impact from adoptive parents represents broad post-birth factors, such as childhood environment …, for the intergenerational association in education and income. We find that both pre- and post-birth factors contribute to …

children of lesbian parents as those whose biological mother was a registered same-sex partner no later than six months after … whole period. We find that boys and girls with lesbian parents had 2.4 percent lower birth weight than other children, a … uses a small sample so precision is low. The point estimates show that boys with lesbian parents outperform other children …

adoptive parents. We argue that the impact from biological parents captures broad pre-birth factors, including genes and … prenatal environment, and the impact from adoptive parents represents broad post-birth factors, such as childhood environment …, for the intergenerational association in education and income. We find that both pre- and post-birth factors contribute to …

The goal of this study is to examine trends in the importance of family background in determining adult income in … Sweden. We investigate whether the association between family background and income in Sweden has changed for cohorts born … 1932-1968. Our main finding is that the share of the variance in long-run income that is attributable to family background …