economic uncertainty. Using various educational measures, we show that the children born during this nativity slump perform … observed personal characteristics. These children are also less likely to have grown up within stable family environment … children. Finally, sibling analysis enables us to reject time of birth effects. …

leaving (at age 16) may be due to variations in permanent income, parental education levels, and shocks to income at this age … effects on sons than daughters. We find that the education effects remain significant even when household income is included …. Moreover, decomposing the income when the child is 16 between a permanent component and shocks to income at age 16 only the …

leaving (at age 16) may be due to variations in permanent income, parental education levels, and shocks to income at this age … effects on sons than daughters. We find that the education effects remain significant even when household income is included …. Moreover, decomposing the income when the child is 16 between a permanent component and shocks to income at age 16, only the …

We investigate the relationship between early school-leaving and parental education and paternal income using UK Labour … Force Survey data. OLS estimation reveals modest effects of income, stronger effects of maternal education relative to … income, we find no effect of maternal education. Under certain assumptions, paternal education remains significant (for …