a regression discontinuity design, we document how a third grade retention policy affects both the target children and … their younger siblings. The policy improves test scores of both children while the spillover is up to 30% of the target … child effect size. The effects are particularly pronounced in families where one of the children is disabled, for boys, and …

better than third generation immigrants. Among first generation immigrants, the earlier the arrival, the better the students … tend to perform. These patterns of findings hold for both Asian and Hispanic students, and suggest a general pattern of …

better than third generation immigrants. Among first generation immigrants, the earlier the arrival, the better the students … tend to perform. These patterns of findings hold for both Asian and Hispanic students, and suggest a general pattern of …

quantify the extent to which academic performance depends on students being of similar race or ethnicity to their instructors … performance gap in terms of class dropout and pass rates between white and minority students falls by roughly half when taught by … a minority instructor. In models that allow for a full set of ethnic and racial interactions between students and …

students benefit from taking courses with underrepresented minority instructors. To identify racial interactions we estimate … models that include both student and classroom fixed effects and focus on students with limited choice in courses. We find … students falls by 20 to 50 percent when taught by an underrepresented minority instructor. We also find these interactions …