ratings distribution, decreases adult criminal involvement. Accountability pressures also reduce the propensity of students …

; compounded over 5 years of primary schooling, this difference is similar in size to the test score gap between low- and high-income … countries. Second, students learn more in private schools (0.15 sd per year on average), but substantial within-sector variation … in quality means that the effects of reallocating students from public to private schools can range from -0.35sd to +0 …

markets with several public and private schools are now pervasive in low- and middle-income countries, prudent policy requires …

-need schools on students' longer-run educational, criminal justice, and economic self-sufficiency outcomes. Using linked …

, led to significant terror and disruptions in daily life over a three-week period. We compare birth outcomes of children …

and 2019 and the number of uninsured children increased. This study provides the first national, quantitative assessment … coverage. In addition, we undertake to identify the groups of children who were most affected by administrative burden. We show … mean of 5.4 percent within the year following the implementation of these changes. Declines were largest for children …