on over 9,000 districts that serve more than 90% of public school students in the U.S., we find enrollment responses to …

; compounded over 5 years of primary schooling, this difference is similar in size to the test score gap between low- and high-income … countries. Second, students learn more in private schools (0.15 sd per year on average), but substantial within-sector variation … in quality means that the effects of reallocating students from public to private schools can range from -0.35sd to +0 …

markets with several public and private schools are now pervasive in low- and middle-income countries, prudent policy requires …

This paper presents the first evidence of how students make career technical education (CTE) course-taking decisions … income. We decompose participation gaps between supply (access) and demand (preferences) with a simple discrete choice model … income, and school-level supply and demand factors combine to create the gaps by race. Policy simulations highlight the …