standard deviation on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Between 2019 and 2022, U.S. students had … between NAEP scores and students' later life outcomes by year and state of birth. We find that a standard deviation … improvement in a birth cohort's 8th grade math achievement was associated with an 8 percent rise in income, as well as improved …

students were randomly assigned to receive supplementary tutoring during the 2021-22 school year (N=818). The study occurred in … a large Southeastern district serving predominantly Black and Hispanic students. Students assigned to the program were …

Using testing data from 2.1 million students in 10,000 schools in 49 states (plus D.C.), we investigate the role of …-21 will need to spend nearly all of their federal aid on academic recovery to help students recover from pandemic …