previously-estimated average effects to predict benefits. Moreover, it suggests that interventions that target all students would …

theory at the micro (student) level. Specifically, since parents have at least some agency over primary school students … student absenteeism. Similarly, student suspensions reflect students' relationships with their teacher, students' comfort … strategy to identify the impact of student-teacher demographic mismatch on primary school students' absences and suspensions …

students' test scores as well as their attendance, behavior, and earnings as adults. However, students do not enjoy equal …

both low-income students and English language learners, particularly for reading achievement. Also, in North Carolina … to three times larger among fourth and fifth graders in North Carolina than among kindergarten and first-grade students …

secondary and post-secondary students' time use using time diaries from the American Time Use Survey. We apply a difference ….We find that on average, part-time college students in MML states spend 42 fewer minutes on homework, 37 fewer minutes … of MMLs on secondary or full-time college students. These results provide evidence on the mechanisms through which …

the probability of being chronically absent by about three percentage points (21%). For black students, random assignment … students' attendance habits …