This paper presents a productivity argument for investing in disadvantaged young children. For such investment, there …

levels and race. For instance, poor and middle-income children see academic gains from attending center intensively (more …Previous research has demonstrated that attending center care is associated with cognitive benefits for young children …. However, little is known about the ideal age for children to enter such care or the quot;rightquot; amount of time, both …

programs targeted toward disadvantaged children shows beneficial effects. Returns exceed costs, even accounting for the … disadvantaged children compared to home alternatives. Universal programs benefit disadvantaged children …

Children with lower socioeconomic status (SES) tend to benefit more from early child care, but are substantially less … care for lower-SES children. In our RCT in Germany with highly subsidized child care (n > 600), treated families receive …

Young children in poor communities are spending more hours in non-parental care due to policy reforms and expansion of … early childhood programs. Studies show positive effects of high-quality center-based care on children's cognitive growth …-based care. Using a sample of children age 12 to 42 months when their mothers entered welfare-to-work programs, this paper finds …