More able parents tend to have more able children. While few would question the validity of this statement, there is … estimated elasticity of intergenerational transmission of income of approximately .2 …

the total test measurement error that can be applied when one or more cohorts of students take three or more tests in the …

of children from poorer families …

teachers resulted in average improved achievement for students in the poorest decile of schools of .03 standard deviations …

to work in schools with higher achieving students from more advantaged socioeconomic backgrounds. Principals often use … schools with many poor or low-achieving students as stepping stones to what they view as more desirable assignments. We use …

student observations over 5 years. The results indicate that students in grade-levels with higher turnover score lower in both … ELA and math and that this effect is particularly strong in schools with more low-performing and black students. Moreover …

improves trust and social interaction, and may offer substantial consumption value to some students. We discuss various …

are able to make good decisions about whom to hire, these reforms have the potential to benefit schools and students … (certification exam scores; college competitiveness) are more likely to apply for transfer, while teachers whose students demonstrate …

internal rate of return of around 10 percent, after taking into account income taxes and earnings-related pension entitlements …