internal rates of return that take into account tuition costs, income taxes and nonlinearities in the earnings …

measurement error. In this paper, we use an instrumental variables strategy to estimate the causal effect of income on children …Past estimates of the effect of family income on child development have often been plagued by endogeneity and …'s math and reading achievement. Our identification derives from the large, non-linear changes in the Earned Income Tax Credit …

through age 65 - educational attainment increases, income rises (for men), and the probability of survival increases (for … preschool is lowered by 85 percent for years of schooling (of the first generation) and by 86 percent for adult income among men. …

to care for their new children. While there is substantial variation in the details of these policies around the world …, both the implementation of new programs and extensions of existing ones increase leavetaking rates among new parents … introduction of short paid and unpaid leave programs can improve children's short- and long-term outcomes. Fourth, while more …

occupational choices, which reflect their comparative advantage. We merge records on children hospitalized with poliomyelitis …

in infant and maternal health. Infants and mothers at the top of the income distribution have worse birth and morbidity … outcomes than their lowest-income counterparts, but are nevertheless the least likely to die in the year following birth …. Racial disparities swamp these income disparities, with no racial convergence in health outcomes as income rises. A …

shocks are more mixed, and we find no effects on parents of children with health shocks. Lastly, we show that improvements in … market and mental health outcomes of individuals whose spouses or children experience health shocks. We use data from the …-study models to compare the differences in post-healthshock labor market and mental health outcomes between spouses and parents …