students' lifetime income by more than $250,000 for the average class- room in our sample. We conclude that good teachers …Are teachers' impacts on students' test scores ("value-added") a good measure of their quality? This question has …' impacts on student achievement and (2) whether high-VA teachers improve students' long-term outcomes. We address these two …

as labor earnings of the children who went through the post reform school system, in particular for individuals … the generation directly affected by the reform as well as their children. We use census data on all born in Sweden between … 1945 and 1955 and all their children merged with individual register data on all convictions between 1981 and 2008. We find …

reduced crime rates of the targeted generation and their children by comparable amounts. We attribute these outcomes to …

the total test measurement error that can be applied when one or more cohorts of students take three or more tests in the …

-experimental design based on changes in teaching staff. Using school district and tax records for more than one million children, we find …