I analyze the effects of a program that pays both 11th and 12th grade students and teachers for passing scores on … Advanced Placement exams on college outcomes. Using a difference-in-differences strategy, I find that affected students of all … freshman year. Moreover, the program improves college outcomes even for those students who would have enrolled in college …

are strained, public schools can employ cost-saving measures with no ill-effect on students. We theorize that if budget …

-run peer quality improvements within schools, on the same population. While students at schools with higher-achieving peers …

teachers affect a variety of student outcomes through their effects on both students' cognitive and noncognitive skill. Results …

standard deviation on the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Between 2019 and 2022, U.S. students had … between NAEP scores and students' later life outcomes by year and state of birth. We find that a standard deviation … improvement in a birth cohort's 8th grade math achievement was associated with an 8 percent rise in income, as well as improved …

measurement error and other unobserved characteristics of college students. We find that in our data the two biases roughly cancel …