, graduation rates of minorities increased by 4.4%. We characterize conditions required for better matching of students to campuses … graduation gains experienced by less-prepared students. At the same time, better matching only explains about 20% of the overall … graduation rate increase. Changes after Prop 209 in the selectivity of enrolled students explains 34-50% of the increase. Finally …

-prepared students while other institutions are better at graduating less-prepared students and that these matching effects are … of minority students, explaining 18% of the graduation rate increase in our preferred specification. Further …, universities appear to have responded to Prop 209 by investing more in their students, explaining between 23-64% of the graduation …

-based admissions practices and the effect such preferences have on the quality of schools in which minority students enroll, graduation … argue these bans are very informative about how affirmative action affects URM students. Finally, we discuss the evidence on …

Longitudinal Survey of Youths which we follow from 16 to 28. We discuss the evolution of family income and ability effects where … component correlated with family income and background variables. We find that the individual cognitive-technical ability … differential prevailing at 16 was increasing with income in the early 80's but much less so in the early 2000's. We find no …

-based admissions practices and the effect such preferences have on the quality of schools in which minority students enroll, graduation … argue these bans are very informative about how affirmative action affects URM students. Finally, we discuss the evidence on …

-prepared students while other institutions are better at graduating less-prepared students and that these matching effects are … of minority students, explaining 18% of the graduation rate increase in our preferred specification. Further …, universities appear to have responded to Prop 209 by investing more in their students, explaining between 23-64% of the graduation …