-achieving students from more and less affluent neighborhoods. Seats are allocated based on prior achievement with 70 percent reserved for … design, we find no effect on test scores or college attendance for students from high- or low-SES neighborhoods and positive … effects on student reports of their experiences. For students from low-SES neighborhoods, we estimate significant negative …

students, and estimate effects on Black children using both a neighboring-counties design and an IV strategy. We find that … students - an outcome that was typical in the segregated U.S. South (Horace Mann Bond, 1934). In majority-Black school … capita fund, and the resulting high expenditures on white students rendered these districts ineligible for the equalization …