School systems around the world use achievement tests to assign students to schools, classes, and instructional … students who score below a proficiency cutoff into remedial classes. Students scoring below the cutoff receive more educational … significantly larger and more likely to persist beyond the year of remediation for Black students …

population of households whose children attend public schools in Florida. Girls growing up in a boy-biased family score 3 … those of their children, supporting the hypothesis that preferences transmitted through the family impact children behavior. …