sharply away from the euro and toward the dollar after the 2008 financial crisis, further cementing the dollar's international …

We study how the financial conditions in the Center Economies [the U.S., Japan, and the Euro area] impact other … euro) makes the response of a financial variable such as the REER and exchange market pressure in the PHs more sensitive to … a change in key variables in the U.S. (or the euro area) such as policy interest rates and the REER. While having more …

interest rate in response to inflation and either the output or the unemployment gap, for the euro/dollar exchange rate with …

foreign currencies, especially in the US dollar, exhibiting a lower pass-through of the euro-destination exchange rate and a …

in which such banks cut dollar lending more than euro lending in response to a shock to their credit quality. Because … these banks rely on wholesale dollar funding, while raising more of their euro funding through insured retail deposits, the … dollar funding, there were significant violations of euro-dollar CIP. Moreover, dollar lending by Eurozone banks fell …