econometrically estimated in continuous time with Euro/Dollar data and examined for the possible presence of chaotic motion. Our …

subgroups including Euro area countries, the UK and the US respectively, provides evidence of a global convergence …

This paper focuses on macroeconomic interdependencies between the Euro area and three transition economies (Estonia …, Lithuania and Latvia), with the aim of establishing whether the latter are ready to adopt the Euro. The theoretical framework is … exchange rate vis-à-vis the Euro of each Baltic country, reflecting a degree of real convergence consistent with Optimum …

maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters in the model, we use an expectation maximization algorithm based on the state …