so-called "non-standard" monetary policy measures focusing on those introduced in the euro area in the aftermath of the …

This paper studies the relationship between the business cycle and financial intermediation in the euro area. We …

Through the euro area crisis, financial fragmentation across jurisdictions became a prime concern for the single … the credit intermediation chain is significant and quite heterogenous across the largest euro area countries. The … introduction of global portfolio frictions on euro area government bond holdings by international investors opens up for a larger …