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The Racial Wealth Gap, Financial Aid, and College Access

Levine, Phillip B.; Ritter, Dubravka - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

We examine how the racial wealth gap interacts with financial aid in American higher education to generate a disparate impact on college access and outcomes. Retirement savings and home equity are excluded from the formula used to estimate the amount a family can afford to pay. All else equal,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013388846

What Drives (Gaps in) Scientific Study Participation? Evidence from a COVID-19 Antibody Survey

Dutz, Deniz; Greenstone, Michael; Hortaçsu, Ali; … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023

Underrepresentation of minority and poor households in scientific studies undermines policy decisions and public health. We study data from a serological study that randomized participation incentives. Participation is low (6% at $0, 17% at $100, 29% at $500) and unequal: minority and poor...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013537774

Do Earmarks Target Low-Income and Minority Communities? Evidence from US Drinking Water

Keiser, David A.; Mazumder, Bhashkar; Molitor, David; … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024

The quality and inequality of US drinking water investments have gained attention after recent environmental disasters in Flint, Michigan, and elsewhere. We compare the formula-based targeting of subsidized loans provided under the Safe Drinking Water Act with the targeting of congressional...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014468258

Historical Differences in Female-Owned Manufacturing Establishments : The United States, 1850-1880

Gozen, Ruveyda; Hornbeck, Richard; Humlum, Anders; … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024

We characterize female-owned manufacturing establishments using newly digitized manuscripts from the US Census of Manufactures (1850, 1860, 1870, 1880). Female-owned establishments were smaller than male-owned establishments and had lower capital-to-output ratios, which could reflect...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014576604

Applications or Approvals : What Drives Racial Disparities in the Paycheck Protection Program?

Chernenko, Sergey; Kaplan, Nathan; Sarkar, Asani; … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2023

We use the 2020 Small Business Credit Survey to study the sources of racial disparities in use of the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). Black-owned firms are 8.9 percentage points less likely than observably similar white-owned firms to receive PPP loans. About 55% of this take-up disparity is...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014250189

Immigrant Entrepreneurship : New Estimates and a Research Agenda

Chodavadia, Saheel; Pekkala Kerr, Sari; Kerr, William R.; … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024

Immigrants contribute disproportionately to entrepreneurship in many countries, accounting for a quarter of new … employer businesses in the US. We review recent research on the measurement of immigrant entrepreneurship, the traits of …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014544679

Racial Protests and Credit Access

Garcia, Raffi E.; Ortega, Alberto - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024

We examine the impact of local racial demonstrations, such as Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests, and the subsequent racial justice movement following the death of George Floyd on racial disparities in Paycheck Protection Program loan disbursements to small businesses. Using...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014544755

Third Places and Neighborhood Entrepreneurship : Evidence from Starbucks Cafés

Choi, Jinkyong; Guzman, Jorge; Small, Mario Luis - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2024

into U.S. neighborhoods with no coffee shops increased entrepreneurship. We find that, when compared to census tracts that …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014576633

Race and Gender in Entrepreneurial Finance

Ewens, Michael - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

underrepresented founders. The article ends with an extensive set of research ideas motivated by the gaps in the entrepreneurship …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013388800

Partisan Entrepreneurship

Engelberg, Joseph; Guzman, Jorge; Lu, Runjing; Mullins, … - National Bureau of Economic Research - 2022

, we find that 6% of Republicans and 4% of Democrats become entrepreneurs. This partisan entrepreneurship gap is time …-varying: Republicans increase their relative entrepreneurship during Republican administrations and decrease it during Democratic … entrepreneurship around the elections of President Obama and President Trump, and the strongest effects among the most politically …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013334466