Yin, Ling; K. Zestos, George - In: Journal of Economic Integration 18 (2003), pp. 188-213
economic convergence of the real per capita GDP in the EU. Two measures of convergence are employed. The first is σ, which is … based on the cross standard deviation of the real per capita GDPs of the EU countries; the second is β convergence based on … support the hypothesis of economic convergence within the EU except for the 1980-85 sub-period where weak divergence was …