-run convergence and short-run economic performance. …

data on 38 countries from 1963-2000, there is clear convergence in the consumption of wine relative to beer between 1963 … and 2000. Convergence occurs even more quickly within groups of countries that have a higher degree of integration. A key … converging, several Latin American countries fail to converge. The patterns of convergence are consistent with dynamics of …

30 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, no full convergence of the economic performance and the living conditions … discusses possible reasons for the lack of convergence such as the legacy of the planned economy, economic policy mistakes made … erosion of market forces are discussed. This leads to economic policy recommendations to achieve full convergence of the …

migration a force for both divergence and convergence, and characterizes where each set of forces dominates. Finally, it … explores the consequences for convergence of combining both migration selectivity and agglomeration effects arising from …