firms. We examine whether the effects of parental background in firm selection contribute to the persistence of income … the economic background of their parents. This influence on wages is significant and relatively greater than the impact of …

education inequalities. Using PISA 2018 data from France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom, we find that students …. Similar results are found by considering days of absence from school. In the longer run, students who cannot learn remotely … on disadvantaged students and schools should be designed accordingly. …

results show that students attending vocational schools perform significantly worse than those in general schools, except in … Portugal. Considering only general school students, the differences between big and small cities are not statistically … significant, while among students in vocational schools, those in a small city tend to perform better than those in a big city …

opportunities in Italy. Our analysis relies on a rich dataset that contains data both on individuals and their real parents, as well …

renouncement of income opportunities that they expect will be compensated during their working life. While these benefits are … of the economic cycle. However, after disaggregating the analysis by household income quartiles, results show that a 1 …

in the Economics gender gap among treated students. …

, Germany, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom. We find strong and significant cognitive losses of students lacking the … with the digital divide, while family characteristics matter in the United Kingdom. In the longer run, students who cannot …