other skill type, say "managers," do not confer such an externality. We find that a uniform entry fee encourages self …-selection such that the migrants are only or mostly highly skilled managers. The (near) absence of migrant scientists has a negative … effect on the productivity of the country's workforce. Under a quota: the migrants are (a) only averagely skilled managers if …

other skill type, say "managers," do not confer such an externality. We find that a uniform entry fee encourages self …-selection such that the migrants are only or mostly highly skilled managers. The (near) absence of migrant scientists has a negative … effect on the productivity of the country’s workforce. Under a quota: the migrants are (a) only averagely skilled managers if …